The potato combine harvester is a traction-type structure. When working, the tractor pulls the combine harvester, the digging shovel digs, and the contour-limiting wheel loosens the potato and soil and limits the digging depth. It is capable of working 2 rows at a time and covering two ridges in the field at a time, harvesting the crop quickly and easily with minimal labor and cost. The excavated potato and soil are separated from the potato and transported through the conveying screen. During the transportation of the potato, the potato vines are separated. After the separation of the potato, soil and potato vines, the clean potatoes enter the potato collection and transportation device, and the clean potatoes are transported to the transport vehicle through the potato collection and transportation device, and then the transport vehicle transports the harvested potatoes away.